We will use three "types" of tests: (1) testing according to mode-of-action, (2) exploratory biotests and (3) traditional biotests. For pharmaceuticals identified to pose a risk in any of these tests, chronic vertebrate tests will be performed. The choice of test method will be based on the pharmacological mechanism and mode-of-action of the pharmaceutical in humans and the characteristics of the test organism. This includes consideration of drug target evolution and its tissue distribution in the test organism.